Advanced atomic force microscopy techniques III

• Thilo Glatzel and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1052–1054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.98

• presented by Andrzej J. Kulik and co-workers [30]. High-resolution measurements of the adhesion effect of a water film on CaF2 [31], electric and transport phenomena determined by liquid KPFM in ionically-active and -inactive liquids [32], the spray deposition of single molecules to insulating and ionic

• surfaces [33], and combined STM and AFM measurements on single-layer graphene on SiC(0001) [34] have been investigated, discussed, and presented. Another combined STM-AFM study determines very accurately the probe-nanocrystal interaction potential [35]. Finally, enhanced information can also be achieved by

Electrospray deposition of organic molecules on bulk insulator surfaces

• Antoine Hinaut,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1927–1934, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.195

• of ionic surfaces by electrons or UV light and are attributed to a reorganization of color centers towards the surface [34]. The surface should be compared to the clean, UHV prepared, KBr(001) surface as presented in Figure 2b. Here, large terraces and step-edges aligned along the non-polar

Probing three-dimensional surface force fields with atomic resolution: Measurement strategies, limitations, and artifact reduction

• Mehmet Z. Baykara,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren,
• Todd C. Schwendemann,
• Harry Mönig,
• Eric I. Altman and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 637–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.73

• force spectra acquired on ionic surfaces are inherently different from the simulation results obtained for Cu(001), as we will see below with the case of the NaCl(001) surface. Towards this end, we first outfit our planar six-atom tip as displayed in Figure 4 with a trapped positive, unity charge

• a right-leaning tip due to Coulombic interactions with the Cl− ions are cancelled out by an equal increase in the amount of repulsive interactions with the Na+ ions of the surface, indicating that asymmetry effects in force spectra over ionic surfaces are strongly direction-dependent. To summarize

• , force spectroscopy experiments may be reliably performed and interpreted at all distance regimes, and post-data-acquisition correction procedures in conjunction with layer-by-layer data acquisition may be employed. With the example of ionic surfaces and Coulomb-force-dominated tip–sample interactions

Models of the interaction of metal tips with insulating surfaces

• Thomas Trevethan,
• Matthew Watkins and
• Alexander L. Shluger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 329–335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.37

• . Keywords: atomic force microscopy; density functional theory; ionic surfaces; metallic asperities; surface interactions; Introduction The noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM) is capable of imaging both conducting and insulating systems with true atomic resolution and has provided extraordinary

• highly dependent on the exact atomic structure and chemical nature of the tip apex. In the case of ionic surfaces, different terminating atoms can lead to completely inverted image contrasts [3][4], in which case it is not even possible to identify the polarity of surface ions corresponding to

• ) with the surface ions at large tip–surface separations and the hybridization of tip and anion states at smaller separations. Therefore it is reasonable to expect that similar mechanisms should apply both to other ionic surfaces and to other metals. A more general understanding of the interaction of

Defects in oxide surfaces studied by atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy

• Thomas König,
• Georg H. Simon,
• Lars Heinke,
• Leonid Lichtenstein and
• Markus Heyde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.1

• with a thickness of two to eight layers give very similar images. One type of ion is shown as a protrusion while the other type of ion is depicted as a depression. This is a typical finding for ionic surfaces imaged by NC-AFM [25][26]. Since the density of electrons on the MgO surface is the highest